The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) continues to shape the nation’s approach to vaccination through its Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). At its September 19, 2025, meeting, ACIP released updated recommendations for both COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations.
COVID-19 Vaccination: Individual Decision-Making in 2025
For the 2025–2026 season, ACIP unanimously recommended that COVID-19 vaccination decisions should be based on individual choice, after consultation with a healthcare professional, rather than a universal requirement. Although there was some preliminary discussion requiring prescriptions for COVID-19 vaccination, the ACIP opted not to include that recommendation. The guidance applies to all individuals aged six months and older, but the committee placed particular emphasis on the role of risk factors in determining whether the benefits outweigh the risks.
According to CDC data, the risk-benefit profile of COVID-19 vaccination is most favorable for people over 65 who have conditions that increase the likelihood of severe illness, such as chronic lung disease, heart disease, or weakened immune systems. Conversely, healthy individuals under age 65 without those risk factors may see lower relative benefit from the vaccine.
This recommendation now awaits approval from the CDC director. While some decisions are made quickly, others weeks or months to finalize. Updates will be shared as soon as a final determination is announced.
It is also worth noting that states may issue their own COVID-19 vaccination guidance separate from federal policy. Because state health agencies have jurisdiction over public health within their borders, providers and individuals should consult their state’s recommendations in addition to federal guidance.
Flu Vaccination: Preparing for the 2025–2026 Season
In addition to COVID-19, ACIP issued its annual guidance for influenza vaccinations. For the 2025–2026 flu season, the CDC recommends:
- Universal vaccination for everyone aged six months and older.
- Preferred vaccines for older adults: High-dose or adjuvanted flu vaccines are recommended for those 65 and older, as studies show these formulations provide stronger immune protection for seniors.
- Timing matters: The CDC advises scheduling flu shots in September or October for the best protection throughout flu season. Antibodies take about two weeks to develop, so early fall is the ideal window for building immunity before flu activity peaks – typically between December and February.
- Vaccine formulation: This year’s flu vaccines are trivalent, meaning they protect against three strains of the influenza virus—two influenza A strains (H1N1 and H3N2) and one influenza B strain (Victoria lineage).
Senior living communities are strongly encouraged to plan ahead. Many members of Argentum’s Clinical Quality Roundtable began planning their vaccination clinics during the summer months to ensure residents and staff are protected well before peak flu season.
Why Vaccination Matters
Both COVID-19 and influenza remain leading causes of serious illness and hospitalization, particularly among older adults and those with chronic health conditions. Vaccination is one of the most effective tools for reducing the risk of severe outcomes, limiting the spread of illness in communities, and protecting vulnerable populations.
For senior living communities, ensuring timely access to both flu and COVID-19 vaccines is essential for resident health and confidence. Coordinated vaccination programs not only protect individuals but also strengthen public health resilience during respiratory virus season.
Quick Takeaways for Providers and Families
- COVID-19 vaccination is now an individual decision recommended for everyone 6 months and older, with the greatest benefit for those at higher risk of severe illness.
- Flu vaccination remains universal for everyone 6 months and older, with enhanced formulations prioritized for those 65 and older.
- Timing is critical. Flu vaccines should be given in September or October to maximize protection.
- Stay informed at both the federal and state level since state health agencies may issue additional or different guidance.
A Shot of Perspective
As the 2025–2026 respiratory illness season approaches, the CDC vaccination recommendations serve as an essential guide for protecting public health. By staying informed, consulting state health agencies, discussing individual circumstances with healthcare professionals, and prioritizing timely vaccinations, providers, families, and individuals can ensure stronger protection against both COVID-19 and the flu.
Argentum is here to support you with practical tools and education to strengthen your community’s response. Explore our Infection Prevention and Control Course, the Infection Prevention and Control Guidelines, and the Infection Prevention and Control Toolkit, all designed to help you implement best practices and safeguard resident health.